Microwave and Millimeter Wave Imaging

Journal Publications

  1. Fallahpour, M. and R. Zoughi, “Fast 3D Qualitative Method for Through-Wall Imaging and Structural Health Monitoring,” IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 2015 (to appear).
  2. Baumgartner, M., M.T. Ghasr and R. Zoughi, “Wideband Imaging Array Using Orthogonally-Fed Dual Varactor-Loaded Elliptical Slots,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 64, no. 3, pp. 740-749, March 2015.
  3. Ghasr, M.T., Y. LePape, D.B. Scott, and R. Zoughi, “Holographical (3D) Microwave Imaging of Electrochemically Corroded Steel Reinforcing Bars in Concrete,” American Concrete Institute (ACI) Materials Journal, vol. 112, no. 1, pp. 115-124, January 2015.
  4. Fallahpour, M., M.T. Ghasr and R. Zoughi, “Miniaturized Reconfigurable Multi-Band Antenna For Multiradio Wireless Communication,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 62, no. 12, pp. 6049-6059, December 2014.
  5. Ghasr, M.T., J.T. Case, and R. Zoughi, “Novel Reflectometer for Millimeter Wave 3D Holographic Imaging,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 63. No. 5, pp. 1310-1319, 1328-1336, May 2014.
  6. Case, J.T., M.T. Ghasr and R. Zoughi, “Correcting Mutual Coupling and Poor Isolation for Real-Time 2D Microwave Imaging Systems,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 63. No. 5, pp. 1310-1319, May 2014.
  7. Fallahpour, M., J.T. Case, M.T. Ghasr and R. Zoughi, “Piecewise and Wiener Filter-Based SAR Techniques for Monostatic Microwave Imaging of Layered Structures,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 62, no. 1, pp. 282-294, January 2014.
  8. Case, J.T., M.T. Ghasr and R. Zoughi, “Heterodyne Multi-Frequency Receiver for MST,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 63, no. 1, pp. 243-245, January 2014.
  9. Kharkovsky, S., Ghasr, M.T., Kam, K., Abou-Khousa, M.A., Zoughi, R., “Out-of-Plane Fed Elliptical Slot Array for Microwave Imaging,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 61, no. 10, pp. 5311-5314, October 2013.
  10. Ghasr, M.T., S. Kharkovsky, R. Bohnert, B. Hirst, and R. Zoughi, “30 GHz Linear High-Resolution and Rapid Millimeter Wave Imaging System for NDE,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 61, no. 9, pp. 4733-4740, September 2013.
  11. Case, J.T., M.T. Ghasr and R. Zoughi, “Nonuniform Manual Scanning for Rapid Microwave Nondestructive Evaluation Imaging,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 62, no. 5, pp. 1250-1258, May 2013.
  12. Kajbaf, H., Y.R. Zheng and R. Zoughi, “Improved Efficiency of Microwave Wideband Imaging Using Compressed Sensing Techniques,” Materials Evaluation, vol. 70, no. 12, pp. 1420-1432, December 2012.
  13. Case, J.T., M.T. Ghasr, and R. Zoughi, “Optimum 2-D Non-uniform Spatial Sampling for Microwave SAR-Based NDE Imaging Systems,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 61, no. 11, pp. 3072- 3083, November 2012.
  14. Ghasr, M.T. and R. Zoughi, “A High Dynamic Range Heterodyne Microwave Receiver for Modulated Scattering Measurements,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 61, no. 3, pp. 811-816, March 2012.
  15. Ghasr, M.T., M. A. Abou-Khousa, S. Kharkovsky, R. Zoughi and D. Pommerenke, “Portable Real-Time Microwave Camera at 24 GHz”, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 60, no. 2, pp. 1114-1125, February 2012. This paper received the 2013 H. A. Wheeler Prize Paper Award of the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society.
  16. Case, J.T., M.T. Ghasr, and R. Zoughi, “Optimum 2D Uniform Spatial Sampling for Microwave SAR-Based NDE Imaging Systems,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 60, no. 12, pp. 3806-3815, December 2011.
  17. Kharkovsky, S., M.T. Ghasr, M. A. Abou-Khousa and R. Zoughi, "K-band Varactor Diode-Tuned elliptical Slot Antenna", IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 59, no. 11, pp. 4325-4328, November 2011.
  18. Fallahpour, M., M. Ghasr, J.T. Case, and R. Zoughi, “A Wiener Filter-Based Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Algorithm for Microwave Imaging of Targets in Layered Media”, Materials Evaluation, vol. 69, no. 10, pp. 1227-1237, October 2011.
  19. Abou-Khousa, M., M.T. Ghasr, S. Kharkovsky, D. Pommerenke and R. Zoughi, “Modulated Elliptical Slot Antenna for Electric Field Mapping and Microwave Imaging,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 59, no. 3, pp. 733-741, March 2011.
  20. Ghasr, M.T., D. Pommerenke, J.T. Case, A.D. McClanahan, A. Aflaki-Beni, M. Abou-Khousa, S. Kharkovsky, K. Guinn, F. DePaulis and R. Zoughi, “Rapid Rotary Scanner and Portable Coherent Wideband Q-Band Transceiver for High-Resolution Millimeter Wave Imaging Applications,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 60, no. 1, pp. 186-197, January 2011.
  21. Abou-Khousa, M.A. and R. Zoughi, “Multiple Loaded Scatterer Method for E-Field Mapping Applications,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 58, no. 3, pp. 900-907, March 2010.
  22. Kharkovsky, S., M.T. Ghasr and R. Zoughi, “Near-field Millimeter Wave imaging of Exposed and Covered Fatigue Cracks,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 58, no. 7, pp. 2367-2370, July 2009.
  23. Abou-Khousa, M. and R. Zoughi, "Maxwellian Circuits-Based Analysis of Loaded Wire Antennas and Scatterers," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 7, pp. 318-320, October 2008.
  24. Case, J.T., Randazzo, A., M. Pastorino and R. Zoughi, “Evaluation of Reconstruction Error in Microwave Holographic Imaging with Reduced Data Sets,” Proceedings of the European Microwave Association, Special Issue Mediterranean Microwave Symposium, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 3-10, pp. 3-10, March 2008.
  25. Kharkovsky, S., A.C. Ryley, V. Stephen and R. Zoughi, “Dual-Polarized Near-Field Microwave Reflectometer for Non-Invasive Inspection of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP)-Strengthened Structures,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 57, no. 1, pp. 168-175, January 2008.
  26. Kharkovsky, S., R. Zoughi and F.L. Hepburn, ”High Resolution Millimeter Wave Imaging of Space Shuttle Fuel Tank Spray-On-Foam Insulation,” Materials Evaluation, vol. 65, no. 12, pp. 1220-1229, December 2007.
  27. Abou-Khousa, M., and R. Zoughi, “Disbond Thickness Evaluation Employing Multiple-Frequency Near-Field Microwave Measurements,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 56, no. 4, pp. 1107-1113, August 2007.
  28. Koganti, R. and R. Zoughi, “Three Dimensional Numerical Simulation of Microwave Imaging Based On an Iterative Forward Reconstruction Method,” Materials Evaluation, vol. 64, no. 10, pp. 1014-1019, October 2006.
  29. Kharkovsky, S., J.T. Case, M. A. Abou-Khousa, R. Zoughi and F. Hepburn, “Millimeter Wave Detection of Localized Anomalies in the Space Shuttle External Fuel Tank Insulating Foam,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 55, no. 4, pp. 1250-1257, August 2006.
  30. Ghasr, M., S. Kharkovsky, R. Zoughi and R. Austin, “Comparison of Near-Field Millimeter Wave Probes for Detecting Corrosion Precursor Pitting under Paint,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 54, no. 4, pp. 1497-1504, August 2005.
  31. Kharkovsky, S., F. Hepburn, J. Walker and R. Zoughi, “Testing of the Space Shuttle External Tank SOFI using Near-Field and Focused Millimeter Wave Nondestructive Testing Techniques,” Materials Evaluation, vol. 63, no. 5, pp. 516-522, May 2005.
  32. Shrestha, S., S. Kharkovsky, R. Zoughi and F. Hepburn, “Microwave and Millimeter Wave Nondestructive Evaluation of the Space Shuttle External Tank Insulating Foam,” Materials Evaluation, vol. 63, no. 3, pp. 339-344, March 2005.
  33. Cargill, J.S., J.A. Pecina, S.M. Shepard, J.D. Weir, R. Zoughi and A.V. Bray, “Nondestructive Testing for Corrosion Under Paint,” Materials Evaluation, vol. 63, no. 2, pp. 102-109, February 2005.
  34. Akuthota, B., D. Hughes, R. Zoughi, J. Myers and T. Nanni, “Near-Field Microwave Detection of Disbond in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Composites Used for Strengthening Cement-Based Structures and Disbond Repair Verification,” ASCE Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, vol. 16, no. 6, pp. 540-546, December 2004.
  35. Hughes, D., N. Wang, T. Case, K. Donnell, R. Zoughi, R. Austin and M. Novack “Microwave Nondestructive Detection of Corrosion Under Thin Paint and Primer in Aluminum Panels,” Special Issue of Subsurface Sensing Technologies and Applications: on Advances and Applications in Microwave and Millimeter Wave Nondestructive Evaluation, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 435-451, 2001.
  36. Qaddoumi, N., L. Handjojo, T. Bigelow, J. Easter, A. Bray and R. Zoughi, “Microwave Corrosion Detection Using Open-Ended Rectangular Waveguide Sensors,” Materials Evaluation, vol. 58, no. 2, pp. 178-184, February 2000.
  37. Qaddoumi, N., A. Shroyer and R. Zoughi, “Microwave Detection of Rust Under Paint and Composite Laminates,” Research in Nondestructive Evaluation, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 201-212, 1997.
  38. Ranu, E. and R. Zoughi, “Near-Field Microwave Nondestructive Distinction Between Surface Height Variations and Defects in Thick Sandwich Composites Using Standoff Distance Optimization,” Nondestructive Testing & Evaluation, vol. 13, pp. 215-225, 1997.
  39. Qaddoumi, N., S. Ganchev and R. Zoughi, “Microwave Diagnosis of Low Density Glass Fibers with Resin Binder,” Research in Nondestructive Evaluation, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 177-188, 1996.
  40. Qaddoumi, N., S.I. Ganchev, G. Carriveau and R. Zoughi, “Microwave Imaging of Thick Composites with Defects,” Materials Evaluation, vol. 53, no. 8, pp. 926-929, August, 1995.
  41. Gray, S., S. Ganchev, N. Qaddoumi, G. Beauregard, D. Radford and R. Zoughi, “Porosity Level Estimation in Polymer Composites Using Microwaves,” Materials Evaluation, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 404-408, March, 1995.
  42. Zoughi, R., G.L. Cone and P. Nowak, “Microwave Nondestructive Detection of Rebars in Concrete Slabs,” Materials Evaluation, vol. 49, no. 11, pp. 1385-1388, November, 1991.

Conference Presentations and Proceedings Papers

  1. Ghasr, M.T., K. Ying, R. Zoughi, R., M. Lechuga, R. Rapoza, and C. Renoud, “Microwave and Millimeter Wave High-Resolution Imaging of Fiberglass Composites,” Presented at the 42nd Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation Conference, Minneapolis, MN, July 27-31, 2015.
  2. M.T. Ghasr, K. Ying and R. Zoughi, “Wideband Millimeter Wave Interferrometer for High- Resolution 3D SAR Imaging,” Proceedings of the IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC), pp. 925-929, Pisa, Italy, May 11-14, 2015.
  3. Thompson, C.D., I.L. Cox, M.T. Ghasr, K. Ying and R. Zoughi, “Comparison of Ultrasonics, Microwave and Millimeter Wave Non-Contact Nondestructive Inspection Techniques for Adhesively Bonded Stacked Open Honeycomb Core Composites,” Proceedings of the 41st Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation Conference, American Institute of Physics, Conference Proceedings 1650, vol. 34, pp. 1266-1274, July 20-25, 2014.
  4. Ghasr, M.T., K. Ying and R. Zoughi, “SAR Imaging for Inspection of Metallic Surfaces at Millimeter Wave Frequencies,” Proceedings of the IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC), pp. 1202-1206, Montevideo, Uruguay, May 12-15, 2014.
  5. Fallahpour, M., and R. Zoughi, “Sensitivity Analysis of Wiener Filter-Based Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Microwave Imaging Technique,” Proceedings of the IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC), pp. 1212-1215, Montevideo, Uruguay, May 12-15, 2014.
  6. S. Kharkovsky, M.T. Ghasr, R. Ratnayake and B. Percy, “Microwave imaging with a 3-axis multifunctional scanning system”, Proceedings of the IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC), May 12-15, 2014, Montevideo, Uruguay, pp. 1572-1575.
  7. Ghasr, M.T. and R. Zoughi, “3D Millimeter Wave Imaging of Vertical Cracks and its Application for the Inspection of HDPE Pipes,” Proceedings of the 40th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation Conference, American Institute of Physics, Conference Proceedings 1581, vol. 33A, pp. 1531-1536, 2014.
  8. Zoughi, R., M.T. Ghasr, J.S. Popovics and S. Ham, “Comparison of Frequency-Modulated Continuous-Wave (FM-CW) Radar and Impact-Echo Data for Detecting Delamination in Concrete Bridge Decks,” Proceedings of the 40th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation Conference, American Institute of Physics, Conference Proceedings 1581, vol. 33A, pp. 866-871, 2014.
  9. Ghasr, M.T., P. Puelo III, and R. Zoughi, “Novel Reflectometer for Millimeter Wave 3D Holographic Imaging,” Proceedings of the IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC), pp. 647-651, Minneapolis, MN, May 6-9, 2013.
  10. S. Hatfield, M. Hillstrom, D. Schultz, T. Werckmann, M.T. Ghasr, K. Donnell, "UWB Microwave Imaging Array for Nondestructive Testing Applications," Proceedings of the IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC), pp.1502,1506, 6-9 May 2013.
  11. Kajbaf, H., J.T. Case, and Y.R. Zheng, “3D Image Reconstruction from Sparse Measurement of Wideband Millimeter Wave SAR Experiments,” Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (IEEE ICIP2011), Brussels, Belgium, September 2011.
  12. Kharkovsky, S., J.T. Case, M.T. Ghasr, R. Zoughi, S.W. Bae, and A. Belarbi “Application of Microwave 3D Imaging Techniques for Evaluation of Corrosion in Steel Rebars Embedded in Cement-Based Structures,” in Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation Vol. 31B, Burlington, VT, July 17-22, vol. 1430, AIP Conference Proceedings, edited by D.O. Thompson and D.E. Chimenti, American Institute of Physics, pp. 1516-1523, Melville, NY, 2011.
  13. Kajbaf, H., J.T. Case, Y.R. Zheng, S. Kharkovsky, and R. Zoughi, "Quantitative and Qualitative Comparison of SAR Images from Incomplete Measurements Using Compressed Sensing and Nonuniform FFT," Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE Radar Conference, pp. 592-596, Kansas City, MO, May, 2011.
  14. Ravouri, M., M.A. Abou-Khousa, S. Kharkovsky, R. Zoughi and R. Austin “Microwave and Millimeter Wave Near-Field Methods for Evaluation of Radome Composites,” Proceedings of the Thirty-Fourth Annual Review of the Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation Conference, vol. 27B, pp. 976-981, Golden, CO, July 22- July 27, 2007.
  15. Kharkovsky, S., R. Zoughi and F.L. Hepburn “Sources and Remedies for Removing Unwanted Reflections in Millimeter Wave Images of Complex SOFI-Covered Space Shuttle Structures,” Proceedings of the Thirty-Fourth Annual Review of the Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation Conference, vol. 27B, pp. 1010-1017, Golden, CO, July 22- July 27, 2007.
  16. J.T. Case, S. Kharkovsky, R. Zoughi, G. Steffes and F.L. Hepburn, “Millimeter wave holographical inspection of honeycomb composites,” in Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation Vol. 27B, Golden, Colorado, July 22 – July 27, 2007, vol.975, AIP Conference Proceedings, edited by D.O. Thompson and D.E. Chimenti, American Institute of Physics, Melville, NY, 2008, pp. 970-975.
  17. Case, J.T., S. Kharkovsky, R. Zoughi and F. Hepburn, “High Resolution Millimeter Wave Inspecting of the Orbiter Acreage Heat Tiles of the Space Shuttle”, Proceedings of the IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, #7694, Warsaw, Poland, 2007.
  18. Case, J.T., A. Randazzo, M. Pastorino and R. Zoughi, “Evaluation of Reconstruction Error in Microwave Holographical Imaging with Reduced Data Sets,” Proceedings of the 2006 Mediterranean Microwave Symposium, pp. 137-140, Genoa, Italy, September 19-21, 2006.
  19. Kharkovsky, S., R. Zoughi and F. Hepburn, “High Resolution Millimeter Wave Detection of Vertical Cracks in the Space Shuttle External Tank Spray-on-Foam Insulation (SOFI),” Proceedings of the Thirty-Third Annual Review of the Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation Conference, vol. 26B, pp. 1065-1070, Portland, Oregon, July 31- August 5, 2006.
  20. Ryley, A.C., M.T. Ghasr, S. Kharkovsky, R. Zoughi, and G. Steffes, “Application of Millimeter Wave, Eddy Current and Thermografic Methods for Detection of Corrosion in Aluminum Substrate,” Proceedings of the Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation Conference, vol. 26B, pp. 1258-1265, Portland, Oregon, July 31- August 5, 2006.
  21. Abou-Khousa, M.A., A. Ryley, S. Kharkovsky, R. Zoughi, D. Daniels, N. Kreitinger and G. Steffes, “Comparison of X-ray, Millimeter Wave, Shearography and Through-Transmission Ultrasonic Methods for Inspection of Honeycomb Composites,” Proceedings of the Thirty-Third Annual Review of the Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation Conference, vol. 26B, pp. 999-1006, Portland, Oregon, July 31- August 5, 2006.
  22. Kharkovsky, S., J.T. Case, R. Zoughi and F. Hepburn, “Overview of High-Resolution Nondestructive Inspection of the Space Shuttle External Tank (ET) Spray-on-Foam Insulation (SOFI) and Acreage Heat tiles using Focused, Synthetic and Holographical Millimeter Wave Techniques,” Presented at the National Space and Missile Materials Symposium, Orlando, FL, June 26-30, 2006. Recipient of Best Poster Award in category.
  23. Ghasr, M.T., S. Kharkovsky, R. Zoughi, M. O’Keefe and D. Palmer, “Millimeter Wave Imaging of Corrosion under Paint: Comparison of Two Probes,” Proceedings of the Thirty Second Annual Review of Progress in Nondestructive Evaluation, vol. 25A, pp. 447-454, Brunswick, Maine, July 31- August 5, 2005.
  24. Case, J.T., J. Robbins, S. Kharkovsky, R. Zoughi and F. Hepburn, “Microwave and Millimeter Wave Imaging of the Space Shuttle External Tank Spray on Foam Insulation (SOFI) Using Synthetic Aperture Focusing Techniques (SAFT),” Proceedings of the Thirty Second Annual Review of Progress in Nondestructive Evaluation, vol. 25B, pp. 1546-1553, Brunswick, Maine, July 31- August 5, 2005.
  25. Kharkovsky, S., J.T. Case, R. Zoughi and F.L. Hepburn, “Millimeter Wave Detection of Localized Anomalies in Thick Insulating Foam Used in the External Fuel Tank and the Orbiter Heat Tiles of the Space Shuttle,” Proceedings of the IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (IMTC05), pp. 1527-1530, Ottawa, Canada, May 16-19, 2005.
  26. Green, G.A., P. Campbell and R. Zoughi, “An Investigation into the Potential of Microwave NDE for Maritime Application,” Proceedings of the World Conference on Nondestructive Testing (WCNDT), p. 8, Montreal, Canada, August 30-September 3, 2004.
  27. Kharkovsky, S. and R. Zoughi, “Application of Near-Field Microwave and Millimeter Wave Nondestructive Resting for Evaluation of Fiber Breakage and Orientation Evaluation in CFRP Composite Patches,” Proceedings of the Thirty First Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation, vol. 24A, pp. 554-561, Golden, Co, July 25-30, 2004.
  28. Carriveau, G. and R. Zoughi, “Nondestructive Evaluation and Characterization of Complex Composite Structures,” Proceedings of the Eleventh International Symposium on Nondestructive Characterization of Materials (Organized by Johns Hopkins University Center for Nondestructive Evaluation), pp. 273-280, Berlin, Germany, June 24- 28, 2002.
  29. Greenawald, E.C., L.J. Levenberry, N. Qaddoumi, A. McHardy, R. Zoughi and C.F. Poranski, “Microwave NDE of Impact Damaged Fiberglass and Elastomer Layered Composites,” Proceedings of the Twenty-sixth Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation, vol. 19B, pp. 1263-1268, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, July 25-30, 1999.
  30. Mohammad-Djafari, A., N. Qaddoumi and R. Zoughi, “A Blind Deconvoloution Approach for Resolution Enhancement of Near-Field Microwave Images,” Proceedings of the SPIE’99 Conference, vol. 3816, pp. 274-281, Denver, CO, July 18-23, 1999.
  31. Brown, L.M., J.J. DeLoach, N. Qaddoumi and R. Zoughi, “An Overview of Microwave Inspection of Naval Multi-Layered Composites,” Proceedings of the Third Pacific Rim International Conference on Advanced Materials and Processing, Hawaii, pp. 1667-2672, July 12-16, 1998.
  32. Radford, D.W., B.W. Barber, S. Ganchev and R. Zoughi, “Microwave Nondestructive  Evaluation of Glass Fiber/Epoxy Composites Subjected to Impact Fatigue,” Proceedings of SPIE Symposium, Advanced Microwave and Millimeter Wave Detectors Conference, vol. 2275, pp. 21-26, San Diego CA, July 24-29, 1994.