Material Characterization

Journal Publications

  1. Donnell, K.M., R. Zoughi and K.E. Kurtis, “Demonstration of Microwave Method for Detection of Alkali–Silica Reaction (ASR) Gel in Cement-Based Materials,” Cement and Concrete Research, pp. 1-7, February 2013.
  2. Donnell, K.M., S. Hatfield, R. Zoughi and K.E. Kurtis, “Wideband Microwave Characterization of Alkali-Silica Reaction (ASR) Gel in Cement-Based Materials,” Materials Letters, vol. 90, pp. 159-161, January 2013.
  3. Nanni, E., M. Abou-Khousa, S. Kharkovsky, R. Zoughi and R. Austin, “Near-Field Microwave In-Process Thickness monitoring of Coatings Undergoing Curing,” Materials Evaluation, vol. 66, no. 8, pp. 865-870, August 2008.
  4. Kharkovsky, S., E.A. Nanni and R. Zoughi, “Application of Frustrated Total Internal Reflection of Millimeter Waves for Detection and Evaluation of Disbonds in Dielectric Joints,” Applied Physics Letters, vol. 92, issue 9, 094101, p. 3, March 4 2008.
  5. Hughes, D. and R. Zoughi, “A Novel Method for Determination of Dielectric properties of Materials Using a Combined Embedded Modulated Scattering and Near-Field Microwave Techniques.  Part I – Forward Model,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 54, no. 6, pp. 2389-2397, December 2005.
  6. Hughes, D. and R. Zoughi, “A Novel Method for Determination of Dielectric properties of Materials Using a Combined Embedded Modulated Scattering and Near-Field Microwave Techniques.  Part II – Dielectric Property Recalculation,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 54, no. 6, pp. 2398-2401, December 2005.
  7. Peer, S., K.E. Kurtis and R. Zoughi, “Evaluation of Microwave Reflection Properties of Cyclically Soaked Mortar Based on a Semi-Empirical Electromagnetic Model,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 54, no. 5, pp. 2049-2060, October 2005.
  8. Munoz, K., B. Akuthota, E. Gallaher and R. Zoughi, “Microwave Reflection Properties of Mortar Possessing A Cyclically Ingressed Sodium Chloride Profile,” Materials Evaluation, vol. 62, no. 10, pp. 1049-1056, October 2004.
  9. Peer, S. and R. Zoughi, “Comparison of Water and Saltwater Movement in Mortar Based on a Semi-Empirical Electromagnetic Model,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 53, no. 4, pp. 1218-1223, August 2004.
  10. Case, J.T., S. Peer, and R. Zoughi, “Microwave Reflection Properties of Concrete Periodically Exposed to Chloride Solution of 3% Salinity and Compression Force,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 53, no. 4, pp. 1000-1004, August 2004.
  11. Peer, S., K.E. Kurtis and R. Zoughi, “An Electromagnetic Model for Evaluating Temporal Water Content Distribution and Movement in Cyclically Soaked Mortar,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 53, no. 2, pp. 406-415, April 2004.
  12. Peer, S., J.T. Case, E. Gallaher, K.E. Kurtis and R. Zoughi, “Microwave reflection and Dielectric Properties of Mortar Subjected to Compression Force and Cyclically Exposed to Water and Sodium Chloride Solution,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 52, no. 1, pp. 111-118, February 2003.
  13. Bois, K. and R. Zoughi, “A Decision Process Implementation for Microwave Near-Field Characterization of Concrete Constituent Makeup,” Special Issue of Subsurface Sensing Technologies and Applications: on Advances and Applications in Microwave and Millimeter Wave Nondestructive Evaluation, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 363-376, October 2001.
  14. Bois, K., A. Benally and R. Zoughi, “Near-Field Microwave Non-Invasive Determination of NaCl in Mortar,” IEE proceedings  - Science, Measurement and Technology, Special Issue on Non-destructive Testing and Evaluation, vol. 148, no. 4, pp. 178-182, July 2001.
  15. Mubarak, K., K.J. Bois and R. Zoughi, “A simple, Robust and On-Site Microwave Technique for Determining Water-to-Cement (w/c) Ratio of fresh Portland Cement-Based Materials,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 50, no. 5, pp. 1255-1263, October 2001.
  16. Handjojo, L., K.J. Bois, J. Bauer, R. Hamilton and R. Zoughi, “Broad-Band Microwave Dielectric Property Characterization of Various Glass Specimens,” Nondestructive Testing & Evaluation, vol. 16, pp. 55-69, 2000.
  17. Bois, K, L. Handjojo, A. Benally, K. Mubarak and R. Zoughi, “Dielectric Plug-Loaded Two-Port Transmission Line Measurement Technique for Dielectric Property Characterization of Granular and Liquid Materials,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 48, no. 6, pp. 1141-1148, December 1999.
  18. Bois, K., A. Benally and R. Zoughi, “An Exact MultiMode Solution for the Reflection Properties of an Open-Ended Rectangular Waveguide Radiating into a Dielectric Half-Space: Forward and Inverse Problems,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 48, no. 6, pp. 1131-1140, December 1999.
  19. Bois, K.J., A.D. Benally, P.S. Nowak and R. Zoughi, “Cure-State Monitoring and Water-to-Cement Ratio Determination of Fresh Portland Cement Based Materials Using Near Field Microwave Techniques,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 628-637, June 1998.
  20. Bois, K., H. Campbell, A. Benally, P.S. Nowak and R. Zoughi, “Microwave Noninvasive Detection of Grout in Masonry,” Masonry Journal, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 49-54, June 1998.
  21. Bois, K., A. Benally, P.S. Nowak and R. Zoughi, “Microwave Nondestructive Determination of Sand to Cement (s/c) Ratio in Mortar,” Research in Nondestructive Evaluation, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 227-238, 1997.
  22. Qaddoumi, N., S. Ganchev and R. Zoughi, “Microwave Diagnosis of Low Density Glass Fibers with Resin Binder,” Research in Nondestructive Evaluation, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 177-188, 1996.
  23. Shalaby, W. and R. Zoughi, “Analysis of Monopole Sensors for Cement Paste Compressive Strength Estimation,” Research in Nondestructive Evaluation, vol. 7, no. 2/3, pp. 101-105, 1995.
  24. Gray, S., S. Ganchev, N. Qaddoumi, G. Beauregard, D. Radford and R. Zoughi, “Porosity Level Estimation in Polymer Composites Using Microwaves,” Materials Evaluation, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 404-408, March, 1995.
  25. Zoughi, R., S. Gray and P.S. Nowak, “Microwave Nondestructive Estimation of Cement Paste Compressive Strength,” ACI Materials Journal, vol. 92, no. 1, pp. 64-70, January-February, 1995.
  26. Ganchev, S., N. Qaddoumi, D. Brandenburg, S. Bakhtiari, R. Zoughi and J. Bhattacharyya, “Microwave Diagnosis of Rubber Compounds,” IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 42, no. 1, pp. 18-24, January, 1994.

Conference Presentations and Proceedings Papers

  1. Hashemi, A., K.M. Donnell, R. Zoughi, O.C. Fawole, M. Terry and M. Tabib-Azar “THz Materials Characterization of Mortar Samples with and without Alkali-Silica Reaction (ASR) Gel,” Presented at the 42nd Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation Conference, Minneapolis, MN, July 27-31, 2015.
  2. Ghasr, M.T., K. Ying, R. Zoughi, R., M. Lechuga, R. Rapoza, and C. Renoud, “Microwave and Millimeter Wave High-Resolution Imaging of Fiberglass Composites,” Presented at the 42nd Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation Conference, Minneapolis, MN, July 27-31, 2015.
  3. Case, J.T., M. Ghasr, R. Zoughi, “Advances in Dielectric Property and Thickness Evaluation of Layered Composite Structures using Open-Ended Waveguides,” Presented at the 14th International Symposium on Nondestructive Characterization of Materials, Marina Del Rey, CA, June 23-26, 2015.
  4. Hashemi, A., K. Kurtis, K. Donnell, R. Zoughi, “Microwave Nondestructive Evaluation of Hydration Kinetics in Mortars with and without Sodium Hydroxide Inclusion,” Presented at the 14th International Symposium on Nondestructive Characterization of Materials, Marina Del Rey, CA, June 23-26, 2015.
  5. Hashemi, A., K.M. Donnell, K.E. Kurtis and R. Zoughi, “Effect of Humidity on Dielectric Properties of Mortars with Alkali-Silica Reaction (ASR) Gel,” Proceedings of the IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC), pp. 1502-1506, Pisa, Italy, May 11-14, 2015.
  6. Vutukury, N.J., S. Hilgedick, and K.M. Donnell, “Microwave Sensing of Sand Production from Petroleum Wells”, Proceedings of the IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, pp. 1210-1214, Pisa, Italy, May 2015.
  7. Hashemi, A., K.M. Donnell, K.E. Kurtis, and R. Zoughi, “Analysis of Relative Humidity Effects on Microwave Dielectric Measurements in Mortar Samples with Alkali-Silica Reaction Gel,” Presented at the American Society for Nondestructive Testing 24th Research Symposium, Anaheim, CA, March 16-19 2015.
  8. Mehdipour, I., M.J. Horst, B. Conley, R. Zoughi, and K. Khayat, “Determination of Steel Fiber Distribution of SFRCs Using Near-Field Microwave Method; Measurement and Experimental Study,” Presented at the American Society for Nondestructive Testing 24th Research Symposium, Anaheim, CA, March 16-19 2015.
  9. Austin, R., M.T. Ghasr, K.M. Donnell and R. Zoughi, “Thickness and Property Measurement of Each Layer in Multi-Layer Build Up,” Presented at The Aircraft Structural Integrity Program Conference, San Antonio, TX, December 2-4, 2014.
  10. Rashidi, M., M.C. L. Knapp, Á. Paul, A. Hashemi, K.M. Donnell, Reza Zoughi, J.Y. Kim, L.J. Jacobs and K.E. Kurtis, “Relationship between Damage, Nonlinearity, and Dielectric Properties: A Study of Alkali-Silica Reaction in Concrete,” 5th ACerS/ACBM Cements Division Meeting, Advances in Cement-based Materials: Characterization, Processing, Modeling and Sensing, Cookeville, TN, July 9-11, 2014.
  11. Hashemi, A., K.M. Donnell, K.E. Kurtis, M. Knapp, and R. Zoughi, “Microwave Detection of Carbonation in Mortar Using Dielectric Property Characterization,” Proceedings of the IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC), pp. 216-220, Montevideo, Uruguay, May 12-15, 2014.
  12. Hashemi, A., S. Hatfield, K.M. Donnell, K.E. Kurtis and R. Zoughi, “Microwave NDE for Health Monitoring of Concrete Structures Containing Alkali-Silica (ASR) Gel,” Proceedings of the 40th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation Conference, American Institute of Physics, Conference Proceedings 1581, vol. 33A, pp. 787-792, 2014.
  13. Knapp, M., A. Paul, S. Hatfield, K. Donnell, R. Zoughi, J-Y Kim, L. Jacobs and K.E. Kurtis, “Understanding the Fundamental Aspects of ASR-Induced Expansion: A Multidisciplinary Approach,” 4th ACerS/ACBM Cements Division Meeting, Advances in Cement-based Materials: Characterization, Processing, Modeling and Sensing, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, July 8-10, 2013.
  14. Hashemi, A., K.M. Donnell, K.E. Kurtis and R. Zoughi, “Comparison of Temporal Characteristics of Microwave Dielectric Properties of Mortar with and without Alkali-Silica (ASR) Gel at R-, S- and X-bands,” 40th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation Conference, Baltimore, MD, July 21-26, 2013.
  15. Hashemi, A., K.M. Donnell, K.E. Kurtis and R. Zoughi, “Evaluation of Hydration Activity in Mortar with and without ASR Gel Using Microwave Dielectric Property Characterization,” 40th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation Conference, Baltimore, MD, July 21-26, 2013.
  16. M.T. Ghasr, K.M. Donnell, and S. Madella, “Materials Characterization of Corrosion-Resistant Thin Film Coatings,” Presented at the Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation, Baltimore, MD, July 21-26, 2013.
  17. Kharkovsky, S., M.T. Ghasr, R. Zoughi and R. Austin, “Microwave Evaluation of Degradation in Aircraft Radome,” Presented at the Nondestructive Evaluation of Aerospace Materials and Structures II Conference, American Society for Nondestructive (ASNT), St. Louis, MO, June 4-5, 2012.
  18. Ghasr, M.T., M. Kempin and R. Zoughi, “On the Measurement Sensitivity Requirements of Microwave Open-Ended Waveguide Material Characterization,” Presented at the American Society for Nondestructive (ASNT) Spring Conference, Dallas, TX, March 19-23, 2012.
  19. Ghasr, M.T., K. Donnell and R. Zoughi, “Microwave Evaluation of Transmission-Through Properties of Films and Sheets Using One-Sided Reflection-Only Measurements,” Presented at the American Society for Nondestructive (ASNT) Spring Conference, Dallas, TX, March 19-23, 2012.
  20. Donnell, K.M., S. Hatfield, K.E. Kurtis and R. Zoughi, “Detection of ASR Gel in Cement-Based Materials Using Microwaves,” Presented at the Federal Highway’s (FHWA) ASR Development & deployment Program - FHWA ASR Technical Working Group Meeting, Clemson, SC, November 8-9, 2011.
  21. Kharkovsky, S. and R. Zoughi, “Response of Microwave Dielectric-Slab-Loaded Rectangular Waveguide Resonators to Wall Displacements,” Proceedings of the Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference (APMC2011), Melbourne, Australia, pp. 155-158, December 5-8, 2011.  
  22. Fallahpour, M., H. Kajbaf, M. T. Ghasr, J. T. Case and R. Zoughi, “Simultaneous Evaluation of Multiple Key Material Properties of Complex Stratified Structures with Large Spatial Extent,” Proceedings of the Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation, vol. 31A, Burlington, VT, July 17-22, vol. 1430, AIP Conference Proceedings, edited by D.O. Thompson and D.E. Chimenti, American Institute of Physics, pp. 561-565, Melville, NY, 2011.
  23. Ghasr, M.T., J. T. Case, M. Fallahpour, and R. Zoughi, “Quantitative Material Characterization Using Near-Field Microwave Measurements and SAR Processing,” Presented at the Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation, Burlington, VT, USA, July 17-22, 2011.
  24. Donnell, K., K.E. Kurtis and R. Zoughi, “Detection of ASR Gel in Cement-Based Materials Using Microwaves,” Presented at the Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation, Burlington, VT, USA, July 17-22, 2011.
  25. Donnell, K.M. and R. Zoughi, “Application of the Dual-Loaded Modulated Scatterer Technique to Multilayered Material Evaluation,” Proceedings of the IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC 2011), pp. 43-46, Binjiang, Hangzhou, China, May 10-12, 2011.
  26. De, S.; Gupta, K.; Stanley, R. J.; Steffes, G.; Palmer, D.; Zoughi, R., “A Data Fusion Based Approach for Evaluation of Material Loss in Corroded Aluminum Panels,” Proceedings of the Twelfth International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, St. Louis, MO, pp. 444-449, October 2009.
  27. Muñoz, K.M., A.K. Perrey and R. Zoughi, “Potential Application of the Modulated Scatterer Technique to Multilayered Material Evaluation and Health Monitoring,” Proceedings of the IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC 2008), pp. 1643-1647, Victoria, Vancouver Island, Canada, May 12–15, 2008.
  28. Kharkovsky, S., B. J. Carroll1, M. T. Ghasr, R. Zoughi, R. A. Limmer, J. Smith and J. D. Smith, “Dielectric Property Characterization of Refractory Materials using Microwave Open-Ended and Completely-Filled Waveguide Methods”, Proceedings of the 3nd International Conference on Electromagnetic Near-Field Characterization & Imaging (ICONIC 2007), St. Louis, USA, 27 – 29 June 2007, pp. 319 - 324.
  29. Nanni, E.A., R. Zoughi and S. Bakhtiari, “Analysis of Closed-Type Dielectric-Loaded Cavity Resonators for Surface Resistivity Measurements”, Proceedings of the 3nd International Conference on Electromagnetic Near-Field Characterization & Imaging (ICONIC 2007), St. Louis, USA, 27 – 29 June 2007, pp. 337 - 342.
  30. Freiburger, G. and R. Zoughi, “Determination of Microwave Dielectric Properties of Materials Using a Unique Application of Embedded Modulated Scatterer Technique,” Proceedings of the Thirty Second Annual Review of Progress in Nondestructive Evaluation, vol. 25B, pp. 1217-1222, Brunswick, Maine, July 31- August 5, 2005.
  31. Freiburger, G.S. and R. Zoughi’ “Forward and Reverse Reflection Coefficient Ratio from an Embedded Modulated Dipole for Dielectric Property Characterization,” Proceedings of the IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (IMTC05), pp. 67-71, Ottawa, Canada, May 16-19, 2005.
  32. Akuthota, B., R. Zoughi and K.E. Kurtis, “Determination of Dielectric Property Profile in Cement-Based Materials Using Microwave Reflection and Transmission Properties,” Proceedings of the IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (IMTC04), pp. 327-332, Como, Italy, May 18-20, 2004.
  33. Akuthota, B., K. Munoz, E. Gallaher, S. Redington, R. Zoughi and K.E. Kurtis, “Simulation of Microwave Properties of Mortar Cyclically Exposed to Saltwater,” Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Health Monitoring and Intelligent Infrastructure (SHMII), pp. 757-762, Tokyo, Japan, November 13-15, 2003.
  34. Peer, S., E. Gallaher, J.T. Case and R. Zoughi, “Cure-State Monitoring of Cement-Based Materials Using Microwave Near-Field Techniques,” Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Health Monitoring and Intelligent Infrastructure (SHMII), pp. 887-891, Tokyo, Japan, November 13-15, 2003.
  35. Hughes, D. and R. Zoughi, “Determination of the Complex Dielectric Constant of Materials using the Downhill Simplex Method with the Embedded Modulated Scattering Technique,” Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Electromagnetic Near-Field Characterization (ICONIC 2003), pp. 86-96, Rouen, France, 18-20 June 2003.
  36. Munoz, K., and R. Zoughi, “Influence of Cyclical Soaking in Chloride Bath and Drying of Mortar on Its Microwave Dielectric Properties: The Forward Model,” Proceedings of the Twenty-ninth Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation, vol. 22A, pp. 470-477, Bellingham, WA, July 14-19, 2002.
  37. Benally, A.D., K.J. Bois, P.S. Nowak and R. Zoughi, “Microwave Nondestructive Detection of Chloride in Cement Based Materials,” Proceedings of the Ninth International Symposium on Nondestructive Characterization of Materials (Organized by Johns Hopkins University Center for Nondestructive Evaluation), pp. 81-86, Sydney, Australia, June 28- July 2, 1999.
  38. Bois, K.J., A.D. Benally, P.S. Nowak and R. Zoughi, “Near-Field Microwave Nondestructive Characterization of Concrete,” Presented at the Ninth International Symposium on Nondestructive Characterization of Materials (Organized by Johns Hopkins University Center for Nondestructive Evaluation), Sydney, Australia, June 28- July 2, 1999.
  39. Frank, M.D., L. Handjojo, N. Qaddoumi and R. Zoughi, “Determination of Anisotropy in Glass Fibers Using Polarization of Microwave Fields,” Proceedings of the Ninth International Symposium on Nondestructive Characterization of Materials (Organized by Johns Hopkins University Center for Nondestructive Evaluation), pp. 57-62, Sydney, Australia, June 28- July 2, 1999.
  40. Bois, K.J., A.D. Benally, P.S. Nowak and R. Zoughi, “Dielectric Properties of Concrete at S- and X-Band: A Near-Field Investigation,” Proceedings of the SPIE’99 Subsurface Sensors and Applications Conference, vol. 3752, pp. 12-18, Denver, CO, July 18-23, 1999.
  41. Bois, K., R. Mirshahi and R. Zoughi, “Dielectric Mixing Models for Cement Based Materials,” Proceedings of the Review of Progress in Quantitative NDE, vol. 16A, pp. 657-663, Plenum Press, NY, 1997.
  42. Peterson, M, D. Maas, C. Mittlestadt, S. Srinath and R. Zoughi, “Preliminary Results for a Multi-Sensor Non-Destructive Test of Timber Strength,” Proceedings of the Review of Progress in Quantitative NDE, vol. 16B, pp. 1931-1936, Plenum Press, NY, 1997.